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홍차넷
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티타임
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- 다양한 주제에 대해 자유롭게 글을 작성하는 게시판입니다.
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전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌방송/연예도서/문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제생활체육과학/기술철학/종교정치요리/음식역사여행육아/가정IT/컴퓨터음악창작게임스포츠사회오프모임
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| Date |
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 53 21/02/16 11:34:02 Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 56 |
| Name | ar15Lover |
| Subject | (발췌)기술 체계에 대한 진단. |
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저자: 이상민 출처: 기술 체계(저자 자크 엘륄, 이상민 번역) ================================================================================ 1977년에 출간된 <기술 체계>는 엘륄의 기술에 관한 삼부작의 요체로서, 가장 완성도 높은 책으로 꼽힌다. 엘륄의 견해에 따르면, 기술은 과거에 줄곧 그러했듯이 각각 하나의 목적에 할당된 수단들의 광대한 결합체가 더는 아니라, 대등한 주위 환경으로 바뀐다. 또한 기술은 이때부터 점점 더 인간의 통제를 벗어나는 자율적인 현상이자, 수많은 결정으로 하여금 인간을 짓누르게 하는 자율적인 현상이 된다. 기술의 위상이 이와 같이 변한 것은, 인간이 감지할 수 없도록, 다시 말해 인간 의식의 문턱 저편에서 기술이 신성화되기 때문이다. 그래서 엘륄은 <새로운 악령 들린 자들>에서 “우리를 예속시키는 것은 기술이 아니라 기술에 전이된 신성함”이라는 점을 부각시킨다. 결국, 자가증식하기를 멈추지 않는 기술은 이웃에 대한 사랑 같은 기독교적 가치이든, 도덕 같은 인본주의적 가치이든, 혹은 자유와 평등과 박애 같은 공화적인 가치이든, 과거의 모든 가치를 노동과 유용성과 효율성과 경제적 성장과 진보 같은 기술 자체의 가치로 대체한다. 기술 삼부작의 첫 번째 책인 1954년 출간된 <기술 혹은 시대의 쟁점>에서, 엘륄은 “자본주의에 대해 거세게 비난하는 것은 쓸데없는 일이다. 이 세상을 만들어 내는 것은 자본주의가 아니라 기술이다.”라는 진단을 내린다. 여기서 그가 현대 세상을 이루어가는 주된 요인이 자본주의가 아니라 기술이라고 언급하는 것은, 어떤 체제가 전파하는 이데올로기가 무엇이든 모든 체제는 생산성을 증대시키려고 끊임없이 기술을 완성시키는 목적만을 추구한다고 간주하기 때문이다. 예를들어, 탈세계화 운동을 통해 나타나듯이, 자본주의에 대한 주된 비판은 계급투쟁과 금융시장에 집중되어 있다. 이에 반해, 사람들이 이 시장들이 광대한 정보망일 따름임을 좀 더 일찍 깨달았다면, 사회적 불평등이 이미 이루어진 것 같이 되지 않을 수도 있다는 점이 엘륄의 진단을 통해 부각된다. 그러므로 엘륄에게 있어 기술은 정치나 경제보다 더 사회의 결정 요인이다. 기술은 좋지도 않고 나쁘지도 않지만 양면성이 있다. 기술은 자체의 논리를 따르면서 스스로 성장한다. 기술은 민주주의를 깔아뭉개고, 천연 자원을 고갈시키며, 문명을 획일화한다. 기술은 예견할 수 없는 결과를 낳고, 미래를 상상할 수 없게 만든다. 특히, 기술은 정보처리기술 덕분에 본래의 성격이 바뀌었는데, 기술은 사회 안에서 기술 체계를 형성한다. 정보처리기술은 전신, 항공, 에너지의 생산과 분배 등과 같은 모든 하위체계를 통합하면서, 기술로 하여금 ‘조직된 전체’가 될 수 있게 하는데, ‘조직된 전체’는 사회 안에서 존속하고 사회의 형태를 만들며 사회를 이용하고 사회를 변모시킨다. 그러나 스스로 생성되는 맹목적인 이 체계는 어디로 가야할 지도 모르고, 자체의 잘못을 바로잡지도 못한다. 더구나 기술을 통제한다고 자부하는 인간도 사실상 기술을 더는 통제하지 못하고, 기술 체계 속에 편입되어 기술 체계에 완전히 종속되어 있다. 엘륄은 자신의 저서 <잊혀진 소망>에서 기술 체계의 이러한 엄밀성과 심각성에 대해 지적한다. 즉, 우리 사회의 구조는 점점 더 엄밀하고 명확해져서, 이 구조들이 더 확고할수록 더욱 더 인간은 자신에게 미래가 없음을 안다. 미래를 파괴하는 것은 전 세계적인 파괴의 위협인 핵폭탄이 아니라, 체계와 조직의 엄밀성이다. 기술 체계가 인간이 생각하는 만큼 그렇게 엄밀하지 않다고 할 수도 있지만, 중요한 것은 인간이 이런 식으로 기술 체계를 체험하고 있다는 점이다. 인간이 그것을 아는지 모르는지 상관없이, 체계가 펼쳐지고 구조가 조직되고 움직인다. 인간은 거기서 아무것도 할 수 없고, 아무것도 변하지 않으며, 결정의 중심부에 인간이 조금도 접근할 수 없음을 체험한다는 것이다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 3 이 게시판에 등록된 ar15Lover님의 최근 게시물
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Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
153604 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
153604 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
153604'> 키디
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
21/02/16 16:11
153604>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
엘륄을 홍차넷에서 보다니! 너무 반갑네요 : ) 덕분에 공유해주신 글들 차후에 각잡고 보도록 하겠습니다
발췌한 것은 이상민 선생님의 최근 저서에서 발췌한 것인지요? 이상민 선생님이 자신만의 엘륄에 대한 이해한 내용을 신생 출판사에서 시리즈로 낸다는 것은 알고 있었는데 그 내용인가 싶어서요
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
발췌한 것은 이상민 선생님의 최근 저서에서 발췌한 것인지요? 이상민 선생님이 자신만의 엘륄에 대한 이해한 내용을 신생 출판사에서 시리즈로 낸다는 것은 알고 있었는데 그 내용인가 싶어서요
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
153604>
153604>
