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홍차넷
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티타임
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- 다양한 주제에 대해 자유롭게 글을 작성하는 게시판입니다.
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_formmail - assumed 'use_formmail' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 519
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_category - assumed 'use_category' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/include/print_category.php on line 9
전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌방송/연예도서/문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제생활체육과학/기술철학/종교정치요리/음식역사여행육아/가정IT/컴퓨터음악창작게임스포츠사회오프모임
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| Date |
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 53 16/05/25 22:58:07 Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 56 |
| Name | 모모스 |
| Subject | 보톡스 (Botox) |
|
매년 10만명 정도가 자연계의 다양한 독으로 사망한다고 합니다. 자연계에 2000만개의 독소가 있을 것으로 예상되는데 그 중 단지 1만개 정도만 성분이 확인되었습니다. 그 중에서도 단지 500개 정도만 연구되었구요. 그 중 가장 강력한 독소는 Botulinum toxin 입니다. 지난 번 황금독화살개구리가 분비하는 바트라코톡신 (Batrachotoxin) 보다 더 독성 강합니다.  Botulinum toxin (BTX) 또는 Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT) 라고 불리며 Clostridium Botulinum 라는 미생물이 직접 만들어내는 단백질 독소입니다.  저 구조가 지난 글에 나와있는 아미노산들이 어마어마하게 많이 연결되어있는 입체적인 단백질을 단순하게 나타낸 것입니다. Botulinum toxin는 대략 1296개의 아미노산으로 이루어진 분자량 150,000의 거대 단백질입니다.  근육조직에 위와 작용하여 독성을 나타냅니다. Botulinum toxin의 반응은 매우매우 specific하여 극소량으로도 강력한 독성을 나타냅니다. Lethal Dose 50 (LD50)  여러가지 독성물질의 독성정도를 비교하는 지표로 LD50 이란 것을 사용합니다. 주로 mouse를 사용하는데 독소를 여러가지 용량(Dose) 별로 투여한 후 죽은 mouse의 수를 그래프로 그리면 sigmoidal curve를 나타납니다. 이는 지수함수를 따른다고 알려져있는데 전통적으로 주로 역수를 취한 후 ln를 씌우면 1차함수 직선으로 나타나고 이를 least square method 로 기울기와 절편을 구해서 역으로 50%가 죽는 Dose를 구했습니다. ln를 씌여서 계산한 값이라서 오차가 많으므로 요즘은 Nonliner regression 해주는 프로그램으로 사용하여 LD50 구합니다. 잘하시는 분들은 Weight 도 주죠. 아무튼 독성물질의 독성 수준을 비교하는 대표적인 지표입니다. mouse에 정맥투여 후 현재 알려진 LD50 (Mice LD50 in intravenus) Botulinum toxin 0.01 µg/kg 황금독화살개구리의 바트라코톡신 (Batrachotoxin) 2 µg/kg 암살자 리신 (Ricin) 5 µg/kg 복어독 (Tetrodotoxin) 10 µg/kg Botulinum toxin 가 탁월하죠. Botulinum toxin 가 탁월하죠. Botulinum toxin는 A, B, C [C1, C2], D, E, F, G 7가지 subtype이 있는데 이 중 A와 B만 의료용으로 사용됩니다. Botulinum toxin을 엄청나게 희석해서 주름 개선제로 사용하는데 그 중 제일 유명한 제품이 알러간 (Allergan) 사의 그 유명한 보톡스 (Botox®) 입니다. 보톡스는 Botulinum toxin A를 사용합니다. 보톡스 (Botox®)는 unit로 함량을 표시하는데 한 vial에 100~200 unit 정도 포함되어있습니다. 시술부위에 따라 제품을 더 희석해서 사용하죠. 일반적으로 Botox® 100 unit /vial 이면 Botulinum toxin A가 0.73 ng 정도 됩니다. (137 units/ng) 1개의 vial을 보통 10ml saline에 녹이는데 100unit 제품인 경우 농도가 100unit/10ml = 10unit/ml 입니다. 농도로 환산하면 0.073 ng/ml = 73 pg/ml 정도 되네요. 즉 100unit botox 1개 vial를 생리식염수 10ml에 희석한 것은 Botulinum toxin A 1g (티스푼으로 한스푼 정도 되겠죠. 이 정도면 1억명은 죽일 수 있을 듯) 을 생리식염수 137,000톤 (137,000,000 L) 에 희석한 것과 같습니다. 사람에서 Botulinum toxin A는 LD50 더 낮아서 1 ng/kg 수준인데 70kg 정도 몸무게인 사람에게 보톡스 Botox® (100 unit /vial) 96개 vial을 한 번에 정맥주사(1개 vial 10ml씩 녹인다면 100개 vial 즉 1000 ml ( 1 L ) 를 정맥주사해야합니다. 허걱) 하면 50% 확률로 죽습니다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 2
이 게시판에 등록된 모모스님의 최근 게시물
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41579 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
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41579'> Beer Inside
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
16/05/25 23:25
41579>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
많은 의약품이 아내를 대상으로 시험되었는데, 보톡스도 사시환자에서 사용 후 주름살이 펴지는 것을 보고 아내에게 사용해서 주름이 펴지는 것을 확인했지요.
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
41579>
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