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홍차넷
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추천
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- 회원들이 추천해주신 좋은 글들을 따로 모아놓는 공간입니다.
- 추천글은 매주 자문단의 투표로 선정됩니다.
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전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌게임문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제체육/스포츠과학철학/종교정치/사회요리/음식역사여행IT/컴퓨터음악창작사진
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| Date |
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 53 20/03/01 00:03:33 Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 56 수정됨 |
| Name | 이그나티우스 |
| Subject | 고구려 멸망 후 유민들의 운명 |
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고조선과 고구려는 멸망 후 비슷하면서도 다른 모습을 보여줍니다. 고구려가 멸망하고 고구려의 유민들도 뿔뿔이 흩어져 제 갈길을 걷게 되는데 몇가지 유형으로 분류됩니다. 1. 신라에 투항한 경우 교과서에서도 흔히 언급되는 연정토, 안승과 같은 무리들은 고구려 멸망 후 신라에 투항합니다. 이들은 나당전쟁에서 신라와 손잡고 당나라와 싸우기도 하고, 안승처럼 신라로부터 나름대로 대우를 받는 경우도 있었습니다. 그렇지만 한편으로는 신라의 총알받이로 소모되었다는 느낌도 없지는 않습니다. 2. 발해 건국에 참여한 경우 고구려 유민들 중 그나마 성공적으로 재기에 성공한 케이스입니다. 고구려 멸망 후 만주지역이나 요서의 영주방면에 거주하던 자들은 대조영의 지휘 아래 뭉쳐서 발해를 건국합니다. 발해는 10세기까지 계속되면서 고구려의 사실상의 후계국가로서 만주 일대를 지배합니다. 3. 일본으로 이주한 경우 잘 알려져 있지는 않은데, 고구려 유민들 중 일본으로 이주한 케이스도 있습니다. 칸토 카나가와 일대에는 고려사지가 존재하고, 와카미쓰(若光) 일족은 일본 조정으로부터 고려왕이라는 '가바네(姓)'를 수여받기도 합니다. 가바네는 좀 복잡한 개념인데, 우지(氏)가 혈연적인 씨족이라고 한다면 간단히 말해 씨족의 서열을 말하는 칭호입니다. 사실 일본으로의 이주는 미야자키 시와스마쓰리의 주인공인 정가왕의 사례와 같은 백제 유민들의 이주가 훨씬 더 돋보입니다만, 고구려인의 이주도 분명히 있었습니다. 4. 중국 내지로 이동한 경우 1) 요서의 영주 2) 관내/농우도(지금의 섬서성, 감숙성 일대) 3) 강회지역(지금의 회이수이 유역)의 크게 3군데로 이주되었다고 합니다. 강회지역을 제외하면 사실상 최전방으로 보내진 셈입니다. 영주의 경우 거란족, 섬감지역의 경우 토번 및 돌궐과의 제일선인데, 아마도 당나라는 고구려 유민들을 총알받이로 사용하려고 했던 것 같습니다. 우리가 잘 아는 고선지 장군이 바로 이런 케이스에 속하는 인물입니다. 5. 몽골고원의 유목민 사회로 이주한 경우 잘 알려지지 않았으면서도, 제일 흥미로운 케이스입니다. 유목민과의 교류가 많았던 고구려답게, 멸망 후 일부 유민들은 돌궐 등 유목민 집단의 일부가 됩니다. 유목민 사회는 협력과 연합이 일반화된 곳이었기 때문에 고구려 집단의 내투도 그리 이상한 일은 아니었으리라 짐작됩니다. 이중에서 고문간이라는 이는 돌궐 제2제국의 2대 카간인 카파간 카간(한자로 묵철가한)의 사위가 되기도 합니다. 상당히 성공했던 모양입니다. 고문간은 당시 고려왕 막리지라는 칭호를 자칭했다고 하는데, 아시다시피 막리지는 고구려의 제2관등 태대형을 말하는 것으로 것으로 요즘으로 치면 국무위원 쯤 되려나요? 아무튼 고문간은 여전히 고구려인으로서의 정체성을 보존했던 모양입니다. 고문간 등 일파는 돌궐 제2제국에 내분이 일어나자 당에 귀순하여 내몽골지역에 정착했다고 합니다. 6. 마지막으로 고구려의 고토인 요동지역에 잔류한 경우 교과서에 나오는 당 안동도호부의 지배를 받았던 이들인데, 이들은 고구려 고토의 정치적인 분쟁에 휘말려 사분오열되고 결국에는 가장 약하고 가난한 이들만이 잔류했다고 합니다. 유명인사들의 경우를 보면 대개 처음에는 연남생이나 보장왕과 같이 당에게 있어 이용가치가 있는 이들은 나름 중용되는 모습을 보이기도 합니다. 그렇지만 인종차별의 벽을 극복할 수는 없어서 남생의 아들은 처음에는 성공했으나 이후 반역죄로 처형당했고, 보장왕의 손자 고진은 스스로를 발해인으로 자칭했으나, 고진의 딸은 스스로를 산동 고씨로 자칭하는 등 중국화된 모습을 보입니다. 유민들이 전부 몰락한 것은 아니어서 전술한 고선지, 무장인 왕사례, 당현종의 공신인 왕모중 등 개인의 능력으로 나름 성공하는 모습도 볼 수 있지만, 역시 중국인들의 견제가 심했는지 반역 등 혐의로 몰락하는 경우가 많았습니다. 고선지가 상관인 절도사에게 욕설을 들었던 고사가 유명합니다. 물론 만당 시대에 산동지역에서 절도사로 이름을 날린 이정기 일족처럼 영주에 계속 거주하다 안록산의 난을 틈타 입신출세한 케이스도 있어서 일률적으로 말하기는 어려울 것 같습니다. 사실 말갈족의 동향, 고구려 유민의 말갈족 제부로의 이주도 중요한데, 이 부분은 복잡해서 생략하겠습니다. 나라가 망하고 나서 편하게 잘 사는 사람들보다는 갑작스런 환경의 변화로 몰락의 길을 걷는 사람들이 더 많았을 것입니다. 그런 점을 생각하면 안타깝다 하지 않을 수 없지만, 한편으로는 나라는 망해도 개인의 삶은 계속되고 어려움을 헤쳐나가려는 사람들의 의지는 참 대단한 것이라는 생각도 듭니다. 본문의 내용은 노태돈 교수의 삼국통일전쟁사 221쪽에서 231쪽 사이의 내용을 참조 및 발췌하였습니다. 학술논문이 아니어서 각주를 달지는 않았으며 참조와 발췌도 따로 구별하지는 않았습니다. 혹시 확인이 필요하신 분은 의견 달아주세요. * Cascade님에 의해서 티타임 게시판으로부터 게시물 복사되었습니다 (2020-03-20 17:58) * 관리사유 : 추천게시판으로 복사합니다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 9 |
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Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 620
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
19823 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
19823 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
19823'> 쿠르드
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
20/03/01 01:26
19823>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
다양하게 흩어졌군요. 재미있당. 유목민들과 고구려 유민 흐응
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
19823>
19823>
