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홍차넷
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 34
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Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 51
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 237
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 34
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 45
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 51
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 237
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/zero_header.php on line 269
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/zero_header.php on line 300
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/bbs_title.php on line 16
추천
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/bbs_title.php on line 21
Warning: Use of undefined constant header - assumed 'header' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/bbs_title.php on line 31
- 회원들이 추천해주신 좋은 글들을 따로 모아놓는 공간입니다.
- 추천글은 매주 자문단의 투표로 선정됩니다.
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_formmail - assumed 'use_formmail' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 519
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_category - assumed 'use_category' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/include/print_category.php on line 9
전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌게임문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제체육/스포츠과학철학/종교정치/사회요리/음식역사여행IT/컴퓨터음악창작사진
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/setup.php on line 29
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/setup.php on line 41
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 398
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 2
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/memo_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 10
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_category - assumed 'use_category' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 40
| Date |
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 53 18/08/21 10:58:03 Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 56 수정됨 |
| Name | DarkcircleX |
| Subject | 의사소통 능력 (Communicative Competence) |
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'valedictorian' Merriam-Webster: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/valedictorian Collins: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/valedictorian Oxford Living Dictionary: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/valedictorian Cambridge: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/valedictorian 타임라인에서 낯선 단어와 그에 관련된 일화를 마주하고 몇 개의 영어사전을 찾아본 뒤에 떠오른 단어가 의사소통 능력(Communicative Competence, 이하 CC)였습니다. 언어를 이해하고 잘 구사하기 위해선 단순히 문법적 요소만 필요한게 아니라 여러 요소들이 종합된 의사소통 능력이 필요하다는 의미죠. 그래서 이 글에서 CC에 관해 예전에 배운걸 토대로 정리해보려 합니다. Communicative Competence라는 조어는 Dell Hymes라는 사회언어학자가 처음 언급했다고 알려져 있습니다. "CC는 우리가 메시지를 전하고 해석하는 것을 가능하게 하고, 특정 맥락에서 의미를 협상(교환)하게 하는 것을 가능하게 하는 우리의 능력에 대한 측면..." (CC as that aspect of our competence that enables us to convey and interpret messages and to negotiate meanings interpersonally within specific context.) Hymes, 1967, 1972) CC라는 떡밥이 던져지고, 문법 번역식 교수법이나 청화식 교수법의 여러 단점과 한계를 극복하려는 시대조류 속에서 많은 이들이 CC가 뭔지 연구를 했고 Canale과 Swain은 CC를 네 가지 요소의 총합으로 봅니다. (Canale, Swain, 1980, 1983) 1. Grammatical Competence (문법 지식에 관한 요소) 2. Discourse Competence (여러 단일한 문장들을 하나의 담화로 구성하는 능력) 3. Socio-linguistic Competence (해당 언어와 담화의 사회문화적 규칙에 관한 지식) 4. Strategic Competence (언어적, 비 언어적 의사소통 전략) 1, 2번은 언어체계 자체를 사용하는 것에 관한 것이며, 3, 4번은 의사소통의 기능적 관점에 대한 정의입니다. 즉 의사소통 능력은 언어 자체의 능력과 더불어 그 언어를 둘러싼 사회문화적 요소를 고려해 전략적으로 사용하는 능력이라는 결론이 나게 되겠죠. 이후 Bachman은 언어능력을 언어의 기능적 측면(illocutionary competence)와 사회문화적 측면의 두 가지 분리된 화용적 범주로 나눠 분류합니다. (Bachman, 1990)  1. Language Competence 1.1. Organizational Competence 1.1.1. Grammatical Competence: Vocabulary, Morphology, Syntax, Phonology/Graphology 1.1.2. Textual Competence: Cohesion(글의 유기적 결합), Rhetorical Organization(수사적 결합, 글의 장르에 연관된) 1.2. Pragmatic Competence 1.2.1. Illocutionary Competence: Ideational Functions, Manipulative Functions, Heuristic Functions, Imaginative Functions 1.2.2. Sociolinguistic Competence: Sensitivity to Dialect of Variety, Sensitivity to Register, Sensitivity to Naturalness, Cultural References and Figures of Speech 한편 의사소통에서의 언어능력 요소들은 다음과 같은데, 사람들이 언어를 통해 대화할 때 다음의 요소들이 영향을 미친다고 볼 수 있습니다.  여기서는 한가운데에 있는 Strategic Competence가 중추적 역할을 수행한다고 볼 수 있습니다. Psychophysiological Knowledge는 언어의 4 skills: 듣기, 쓰기, 말하기, 읽기를 나타내구요. Knowledge of the world는 화자의 배경지식이나 대화의 주제에 관한 지식 등이 있습니다. 지금까지의 정리를 통해 언어를 통한 의사소통에는 언어지식만이 필요한 것이 아니라 그 언어가 사용되는 여러 언어 외적 요소들을 고려해야 함을 다시금 생각해볼 수 있었습니다. 외국어 화자로서 영어를 배우고 구사하고 있지만 늘 어려움을 느끼는게 이런 점이 영향을 미쳐서 그런것 같습니다. 앞으로 사람들에게 언어를 가르칠 때도 언어의 이런 성질을 잘 고려해서 가르쳐야 하지 않을까 싶기도 하네요. (위 글은 Brown, H. D.의 Principles of Language Learning and Teaching 5th ed.의 내용을 참고했습니다.) * Toby님에 의해서 티타임 게시판으로부터 게시물 복사되었습니다 (2018-09-06 14:05) * 관리사유 : 추천게시판으로 복사합니다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 7
이 게시판에 등록된 DarkcircleX님의 최근 게시물 |
|
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Warning: Use of undefined constant grant_delete - assumed 'grant_delete' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 577
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Warning: Use of undefined constant use_formmail - assumed 'use_formmail' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 605
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 599
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Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 605
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Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
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Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
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Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
15339 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
15339 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
15339'> 벤쟈민
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
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18/08/21 13:19
15339>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
그래서 언어학은 다른 학문과 뗄레야 뗄 수 없다는..
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
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15339>
15339>
