Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 278
홍차넷
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 34
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 45
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 51
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 237
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 34
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 45
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 47
Warning: Use of undefined constant r - assumed 'r' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/outlogin_toby.php on line 51
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 237
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/zero_header.php on line 269
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/zero_header.php on line 300
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/bbs_title.php on line 16
추천
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/bbs_title.php on line 21
Warning: Use of undefined constant header - assumed 'header' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/bbs_title.php on line 31
- 회원들이 추천해주신 좋은 글들을 따로 모아놓는 공간입니다.
- 추천글은 매주 자문단의 투표로 선정됩니다.
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_formmail - assumed 'use_formmail' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 519
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_category - assumed 'use_category' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/include/print_category.php on line 9
전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌게임문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제체육/스포츠과학철학/종교정치/사회요리/음식역사여행IT/컴퓨터음악창작사진
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/setup.php on line 29
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/setup.php on line 41
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant memo - assumed 'memo' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 389
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 398
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant subject - assumed 'subject' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 402
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 403
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 405
Warning: Use of undefined constant total_comment - assumed 'total_comment' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 406
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 2
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/memo_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 10
Warning: Use of undefined constant use_category - assumed 'use_category' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 40
| Date |
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 53 18/05/13 00:50:31 Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 56 |
| Name | 곰곰이 |
| Subject | 인공위성이 지구를 도는 방법과 추락하는 이유 |
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오랜만에 우주항공테마로 글을 씁니다. (사실 지난 4월 톈궁 1호 추락 기념으로 작성하기 시작했으나 이제야 완성해서 올립니다.) 인공위성이 추락하는 이유를 설명하기 위해 먼저 인공위성이 추락하지 않고 어떻게 계속 지구 주위를 돌 수 있는 지부터 알아보겠습니다.  * 한국 최초 인공위성 우리별1호 – 출처: 항우연 [인공위성은 큰 엔진도 없는데 어떻게 계속 지구 주위를 돌 수 있나요?] 3. ‘우주는 무중력이니까 안 떨어집니다.’ 라고 대답하면 삼류 2. ‘우주는 중력이 약하니까 천천히 떨어집니다.’ 라고 대답하면 이류 1. ‘지구를 향해 포물선을 그리며 빠르게 자유 낙하하고 있는데, 아무리 내려가도 지표면이 그 만큼 밑으로 둥글어져 안 부딪히고 계속 떨어질 수 있습니다.’ 라고 대답해야 일류입니다. (갑자기 대답이 엄청 복잡해졌다!) 인공위성은 지표면으로부터 약 160km (저궤도) ~ 36,000km (정지궤도) 떨어진 궤도를 도는데, 이 정도의 높이로 올라가도 절대 지구의 중력으로부터 자유롭지 않습니다. 지구에서 384,400km 떨어져 있는 달도 지구의 중력에 잡혀 돌고있는 것을 떠올리면 이해하기 쉽습니다. ‘않이 그래비티 보니까 우주정거장 안에서 무중력 상태로 둥둥 떠 다니던데?’라고 생각하시는 분도 있을 텐데, 그 이유는 우주정거장 역시 지구의 중력에 끌려 자유 낙하하고 있기 때문에 그 내부가 무중력상태가 된 것입니다.  * 인공위성 원리 - 출처: 시사논술개념사전 인공위성을 발사하는 것은 물리적으로 야구선수가 공을 앞으로 던지는 것과 동일합니다. 만약 야구선수가 공을 지표면과 평행하게 정말 세게 멀리 던질 수 있다면, [지구를 한 바퀴 돌아올 수 있을 만큼 빠르게 = 초속 7.9km] 던진다면 그 공은 이제 아무리 중력방향으로 떨어져도 지표면에 닿지 않고 (공 입장에서는 지표면도 계속 밑으로 떨어지니까) 계속 지구를 돌 수 있습니다. 야구선수가 던진 힘은 더 이상 공에 작용하지 않지만, 오히려 지구 중력이 계속 공을 당겨주고 있기 때문에 영원히 돌 수 있지요. 다만 지표면 가까이에는 기체 분자가 너무 많아 그렇게 빠른 속도로 던지면 공이 (인공위성이) 마찰에 의해 느려지고 다 타 버리기 때문에 분자가 거의 없는 우주궤도까지 올리는 것입니다. 이번에 톈궁 1호가 그렇게 빠른 속도로 고도 100km 밑으로 내려오니 불타기 시작했었죠. 인공위성 궤도가 저궤도, 중궤도, 정지궤도 등 다양한 이유는, 저궤도에 있으면 하루에도 지구를 여러 번 돌 수 있고 가깝기 때문에 이곳저곳 관측하기 용이하고, 또 정지궤도 가까이 높게 올리면 안정적인 통신/GPS 위성으로 활용이 가능하기 때문에, 처음 발사할 때 위성의 목적에 따라 적절한 궤도를 선택하여 높이와 속도를 맞추어 올려놓게 됩니다. SpaceX의 Falcon 로켓으로 Bangabandhu 위성을 궤도에 올리는 영상입니다. 40초 정도부터 보시면, 고도 729km에서 시속 33,526km (초속 약 9km) 속도로 인공위성을 로켓에서 분리합니다. - 로켓 발사할 때 엄청난 속도로 가속하며 날아가는데 그 속도 그대로 목표궤도에 도달해 짐칸에 들어있는 인공위성을 밀어내는 방식으로 궤도에 올려놓게 됩니다. 이렇게 우주에 올라가 있는 것들은 다들 총알보다 빠르게 움직이고 있는데, 막상 영상에서는 속도를 비교할만한 다른 물체도 없고, 대기가 없어 궤적이 남지도 않으니 그냥 둥둥 떠 있는 것 처럼 나옵니다. - 저궤도 인공위성은 초속 7.9km 가까이, 정지궤도 인공위성은 초속 3km 정도의 속도여야 궤도를 유지할 수 있다고 합니다. (지구 적도기준으로 그 정도 높이에서 초속 3km로 움직이면 지구입장에서 정지해 있는 것처럼 보입니다.) - GPS위성은 정지궤도가 아니라 20,000km 정도 높이를 유지하며 움직이고 있습니다.  * 선외활동 – 출처: NASA '안녕 나는 지금 초속 7.7km로 날아가고 있어어어어' 이제 우리는, 우주비행사가 지구 궤도를 돌고 있는 우주정거장이나 우주왕복선 외부에서 마치 무중력인 것처럼 느릿느릿 둥둥 떠 있는 장면을 보더라도 ‘아 저기가 무중력이구나’ 라고 생각하지 않고 ‘아 저 우주비행사랑 우주선이 엄청난 속도로 등속원운동을 하고 있구나.’ 라고 할 수 있게 되었습니다. 만약 여기서 우주비행사를 촬영하고 있는 카메라가 정말 그 자리에 정지해버리면, 우주비행사는 우주정거장과 함께 총알보다 빠른 속도로 시야에서 사라지게 됩니다. 그리고 카메라는 지표면을 향해 가속 낙하하게 되겠죠. (심화내용) 그럼 지구를 도는 인공위성에는 이렇게 힘이 (중력이) 지속적으로 작용하고 있는데 왜 가속운동을 하지 않고 등속운동을 하는 걸까요? → 그 힘은 정확히 ‘원 운동’을 하게 만드는 일에 다 쓰이고 있기 때문입니다. 이렇게 절묘한 균형을 이루어 드디어 인공위성은 지구의 중력을 이용하여 등속원운동을 하며 지구궤도를 돌게 됩니다. [그런데 인공위성은 왜 궤도를 벗어나 지구로 추락하나요?] 크게 세 가지 원인이 있습니다. 1. (마찰 때문) 저궤도일수록 기체분자들이 많이 남아있어 인공위성에 자꾸 부딪히고 그런 마찰 때문에 조금씩 속도가 느려져 궤도를 유지할 수 없게 됩니다. 2. (중력 때문) 지구를 한 바퀴 도는 동안 지구의 중력이 균일하지 않아 인공위성의 속력이 자꾸 변합니다. 지구도 완벽한 구체가 아니라 어디는 지표면이 높고, 어디는 바다고 그렇기 때문이겠죠? 3. 그리고 태양풍, 자기폭풍 등에도 (대기권이 보호해주지 않으니) 직접적으로 영향을 받는다고 합니다. 그래서 인공위성은 꾸준히 자세와 궤도를 교정하며 지구를 돌고 있습니다. 그러기 위해 매번 연료를 조금씩 소모하게 되는데 그러다 연료가 다 떨어지면 별 수 없이 지구로 떨어지게 되겠죠. 보통은 대기권에서 다 타버리는데, 톈궁처럼 톤 단위가 넘을 만큼 큰 경우에는 미처 다 타지 않은 잔해가 지표면에 떨어지기도 합니다. 그래서 그렇게 큰 위성은 연료가 다 떨어지기 전에 미리 자세와 궤도를 조정해 큰 바다나 평야에 안전하게 낙하시킵니다. (그런데 톈궁은 그렇게 확실히 컨트롤하고 있는 건지 좀 미심쩍었던 터라 괜히 세계적으로 불안불안했었죠 ㄷㄷ) 어쨌든 대부분 위성은 저렇게 크지 않으므로, 지표면에 닿기 한참 전에 흔적도 없이 타버리고, 게다가 저궤도 위성이 아닌 중궤도, 정지궤도 위성의 경우는 마찰도 적고, 거리도 멀어서 웬만해선 지구로 떨어지기가 쉽지 않을 겁니다. 만의 하나 떨어진다 하더라도 거의 다 컨트롤 되고 있으며, 최악의 경우도 수 시간 전에는 낙하지점을 특정해서 대피가 가능하니 인공위성 추락 관련해서는 죽 안심하셔도 되겠습니다.  대기권이 있으니 안심하라구! * 인공위성 관련해서 간략하게 설명할 수 있는 내용은 다 정리한 것 같은데 혹시 더 궁금한 점이 있으시면 댓글 남겨주세요. * 정지궤도보다 더 먼 궤도를 도는 위성도 있고, 타원궤도, 극궤도 그리고 궤도를 오르내리는 위성 등도 있는데 너무 길어질 것 같아 일단 기본내용만 정리했습니다. * 수박이두통에게보린님에 의해서 티타임 게시판으로부터 게시물 복사되었습니다 (2018-05-28 08:53) * 관리사유 : 추천게시판으로 복사합니다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 19
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14277 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
14277 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
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Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
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14277'> 파란아게하
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Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
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18/05/13 00:56
14277>삭제 주소복사
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우어 재밌어용
학습만화인줄
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Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
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Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
학습만화인줄
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
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