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홍차넷
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추천
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- 회원들이 추천해주신 좋은 글들을 따로 모아놓는 공간입니다.
- 추천글은 매주 자문단의 투표로 선정됩니다.
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전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌게임문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제체육/스포츠과학철학/종교정치/사회요리/음식역사여행IT/컴퓨터음악창작사진
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| Date |
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| Name | 모모스 |
| Subject | 후장식 드라이제 소총과 아름답고 푸른 도나우강 |
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1866년 프로이센의 후장식 소총 드라이제 니들건 (Zündnadelgewehr)   이름이 너무 긴 것 같네요. 하나씩 풀어보면 1866년 프로이센 1866년 프로이센-오스트리아의 7주전쟁에 프로이센군이 사용했던 소총입니다. 후장식 화약과 탄환을 차례로 총신에 넣고 꼬질대로 밀어넣었던 기존 전장식 소총과 달리 화약 일체형 탄환을 총의 뒤쪽에서 볼트액션방식으로 장전하는 소총입니다. 드라이제 총을 만든 사람의 이름입니다. 요한 니콜라우스 폰 드라이제 (Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse) 니들건 긴 니들 즉 바늘이 방아쇠를 당김과 동시에 화약 일체형 탄환 뒷쪽으로 들어가 뇌관을 터트려 발사하게 됩니다. 위 동영상처럼 후장식 드라이제 소총을 사용하는 프로이센군은 엄폐한 그대로 재장전을 하고 전장식 소총을 사용하는 오스트리아군은 무릎을 꿇거나 서서 재장전을 합니다. 이 상태로 포화를 주고 받았으니 오스트라아군의 손실이 클 수 밖에 없었습니다. 재장전 속도도 후장식인 프로이센군이 훨씬 빠릅니다. 물론 포병은 오스트리아군이 더 우세했고 병력도 더 많았지만 드라이제 후장식 소총을 장비하고 훨씬 빠르게 병력을 집중할 수 있었던 프로이센군이 유리하게 전쟁을 이끌어 승리를 하게 됩니다. 오스트리아와 전쟁에서 이긴 프로이센은 북부독일을 통합하여 강력한 제국으로 나아가는 발판을 얻게 됩니다. 오스트리아는 많은 영토를 잃고 활기까지 잃은 국가가 되어갑니다. 1866년  1867년  드라이제 소총은 최대 600M의 사정거리를 가진 소총이었는데 후장식 소총의 일반화로 이전의 전열 전술로 공격하는 쪽은 엄청난 인명 손실을 가져오게 되어 대부분 엄폐를 하면서 사격을 하는 산병전술로 전환하게 됩니다. 지난 번 글에도 나와 있는 거처럼 군대의 전술이나 무기체계의 우세함 등은 결국 시간이 지남에 따라 상대 국가의 모방에 의해 대등해지는 경향이 있는데 역시 프로이센의 후장식소총의 우위는 금방 사라집니다. 1870년~1871년 프랑스-프로이센 전쟁 때는 이전 프로이센-오스트리아 전쟁 후 불과 4년만에 프랑스는 더 진보되고 사정거리도 길고 신뢰성도 높은 후장식 소총인 샤스포를 장비하고 있었습니다. 이에 전쟁 초기에 전열 전술로 돌진하던 프로이센군도 엄청난 희생을 치룹니다. 둘 다 사정거리가 길고 강력한 후장식소총을 장비하여 이전의 전술을 사용하여 공격한 프로이센도 큰 희생을 치루었죠. 하지만 이 후 전면전이 아닌 기동전으로 프랑스군을 섬멸하고 결국 스당에서 프랑스군 주력를 포위하고 프랑스군 수십만명의 항복을 받아내게 됩니다. (불과 수십년전 그 빛나는 전공을 세운 나폴레옹의 프랑스군은 어디로 간건지. 이 당시 프랑스 황제는 나폴레옹의 조카인 나폴레옹 3세 였습니다.) 그 결과 프로이센은 프랑스 파리에서 독일 제국을 선포하고 독일의 통합과 독립을 이루어 냅니다. 전쟁 후 이미 구식이 되어버린 드라이제 니들건은 재빠르게 퇴역하고 새로운 금속탄피를 사용하는 Gew71로 대체됩니다. 미니에탄, 강선- 라이프기술, 후장식, 연기가 적게 나는 백색화약, 금속탄피를 사용한 일체형 탄환 등 19세기 소총 기술의 발전 속도가 엄청나게 빨라서 유럽의 대부분 나라들이 수시로 주력 소총을 교체하게 됩니다. 아름답고 푸른 도나우강 ( An der schönen blauen Donau) 요한 스트라우스 2세의 왈츠곡 "아름답고 푸른 도나우강" 은 지금도 매년 빈 신년 음악회에서 연주되는 오스트리아를 대표하는 곡입니다. 오스트리아 제2의 국가라고도 불리더군요. 1866년 프로이센-오스트리아 7주 전쟁에서 후장식 드라이제 소총을 장비한 프로이센에 패배하고 영토는 축소되었고 나라 전체가 우울한 분위기로 휩싸였습니다. 오스트리아의 정치인들은 이런 오스트리아를 하나로 묶어주기 위한 상징으로 오스트리아를 가로지르는 도나우강을 선택하고 오스트리아의 음악가들에게 이를 테마로 밝고 아름다운 곡을 만들어내기 요구했습니다. 이에 요한스트라우스 2세가 "아름답고 푸른 도나우강"이란 아름답고 흥겨운 곡을 만들어 냅니다. 1867년 초연된 작품입니다. 원래는 "아름답고 푸른 도나우강"이란 시를 바탕으로 만들어진 합창곡이었으나 오케스트라로 편곡된 연주곡이 크게 성공하였고 지금도 이 오케스트라 연주곡이 널리 사랑 받고 있습니다. 실제 빈으로 도나우강의 지나지 않고 단지 도나우강으로 이어지는 일부 운하만 지나간다고 하네요. 알프스에서 발원한 (독일의 검은 숲-슈발츠발트라는 설도 있습니다.) 도나우강은 수많은 퇴적물을 가지고 내려오는 강물이라 푸르지도 않고 특히 빈 근교로 흐르는 도나우강은 늪지대를 형성하여 우리가 생각하는 맑고 푸른 강물은 아니라고 합니다. 오히려 퇴적물로 인한 흙탕물로서 검은 빛을 띨 때가 더 많다고 합니다. 홍수도 잘 나구요. 하지만 애국심을 호소하기 위해 만든 곡인데 "검고 칙칙한 도나우강" 이라고 하긴 좀 그렇잖아요. 이 때도 역시 선동과 날조로 승부하는 프로파간다가 성행했었나 봅니다. * 수박이두통에게보린님에 의해서 티타임 게시판으로부터 게시물 복사되었습니다 (2016-08-30 11:27) * 관리사유 : 추천게시판으로 복사합니다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 3
이 게시판에 등록된 모모스님의 최근 게시물
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Warning: Use of undefined constant use_formmail - assumed 'use_formmail' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 605
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 599
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 599
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 600
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 600
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 605
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 605
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 609
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 609
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 614
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 616
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 620
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
5843 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
5843 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
5843'> 전크리넥스만써요
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
16/08/19 13:46
5843>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
제목보고 괜히 흠칫한 1人
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
5843>
5843>
