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홍차넷
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티타임
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- 다양한 주제에 대해 자유롭게 글을 작성하는 게시판입니다.
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전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌방송/연예도서/문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제생활체육과학/기술철학/종교정치요리/음식역사여행육아/가정IT/컴퓨터음악창작게임스포츠사회오프모임
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| Date |
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| Name | Zel |
| Link #1 | http://www.nature.com/news/the-science-myths-that-will-not-die-1.19022 |
| Subject | 죽지않는 과학적 미신들 |
|
페북 타임라인에 누가 재밌는..(하지만 뼈아픈) 네이쳐 특집 기사를 링크해놨길래 읽어 봤습니다. 원문은 이 링크고요 http://www.nature.com/news/the-science-myths-that-will-not-die-1.19022 지난 주 특집기사입니다. 글 쓴 사람은 보스턴에 있는 과학저널리스트입니다. 네이쳐에 실린 만큼 정설에 가깝지만, 각론 부분에는 분명 debatable 한 부분이 있습니다.. 아무리 의료넷이라도 이런걸 논하긴 재미가 없고, 일반인 대상의 기사로 보시면 되겠습니다. 다 번역할려다가 오후 일과도 있고 해서 일단 앞에만 해놨습니다. 각론 뒤쪽은 시간나면 수정하겠습니다. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1997년 한국남서부의 의사들이 갑상선암 조기검진을 위한 초음파 검사 프로그램을 제공하기 시작했다. 이 소식은 빠르게 퍼져 곧 인접지역의 의사들도 같은 검진 프로그램을 시행하였고 결국 전국적으로 퍼졌으며, 정부는 여기에 편승해 다른 조기암 검진 사업을 시작하게 되었다. 수십만의 사람들이 단돈 30-50불에 초음파 검진을 받았다..(눈물 좀 닦고..) 남한 전국적으로 갑상선암의 진단율은 1999년의 10만명당 5명에서 2011년에 10만명당 70명으로 치솟았다. 2/3의 갑상선암환자들은 갑상선을 절제하였고 평생 갑상선제제를 복용하게 되었다. 물론 이 두 가지 모두 위험이 있는 치료법이다. 이런 광범위한 공중보건프로그램을 통해 남한 정부는 암환자들의 생존율이 증가하기를 기대하였지만, 이는 사실이 아니었다. 갑상선암은 현재 남한에서 가장 흔한 암이 되었지만, 갑상선암으로 죽는 환자의 수는 검진 프로그램을 시작하기 이전과 정확히 같다. 10만명당 1명. 2014년도에 한국의 일부 의사들이 이를 깨닫고, 갑상선 검진은 중지되어야 한다고 제안했으나, 내분비내과와 갑상선 외과 의사로 구성된 한국 갑상선학회는 조기검진과 치료는 기본 인권에 해당한다고 이에 맞섰다. 세계 어느 곳과 마찬가지로 한국에서도, "어떤 암이던 조기진단이 되면 생명을 구한다." 는 명제는 흔들림없는 팩트로 인식되고 있다. 암조기진단에 대한 맹신은 얼마나 과학적 증거가 없음에도 (심지어 반대의 결과에도) 불구하고 의학적 지식과 행위가 사람들 사이 (과학자를 포함해서) 에서 널리 행해지는가를 보여주는 좋은 예이다. “과학자들은 그들 자신이 너무 객관적이어서 미신을 믿지 않는다라고 생각합니다. 실제로 믿고 있으면서도요.” UCSD의 스플리쳐 교수는 말한다. 이와 같은 미신은 종종 어떤 작은 단편적인 팩트에서 생기기 시작한다. “조기암 진단은 어떤 환자들의 생명을 구한다.” 그리고 인간의 욕심과 죽음에 대한 근심을 먹고 자라게 된다. 하지만 이런 미신들은 사람들로 하여금 증명되지 않은 것에 불필요한 치료나 돈을 쓰게 만들고, 과학자들을 현혹시켜 올바른 연구를 하지 못하게 만드며, 펀딩을 독점한다. 그리고 이 미신을 피하는 것은 매우 까다롭다. 과학자들은 미신의 무가치함을 증명하는 노력을 해야 하며 새로운 미신이 발생하는걸 막아야 하는 의무도 있다. “우리 과학자들은 그런 미신이 어떻게 처음에 발생하는지를 깊게 이해하고, 미신이 왜 그리 널리 퍼지며 지속적인지도 이해하여야 한다.”라고 영국의 폴 하워드 존스 교수는 이야기한다. 이런 위험한 미신들은 방송에도 넘쳐난다. '예방접종이 자폐를 초래하고, HIV는 에이즈를 일으키지 않는다' 등등. 하지만 많은 다른 미신들도 비록 방송에는 나오지 않으나 사람들을 해롭게 하고, 돈을 빨아먹으며, 과학계에 흙탕물을 튀기거나, 혹은 단순히 과학자들의 신경을 긁는다. 아래는 다섯개의 끈질긴 미신의 기원과 이들이 초래한 영향을 소개하고자 한다. 미신 1: 건강검진은 모든 암들로부터 생명을 보호한다. 요약: 일부 암에서 (폐, 자궁경부, 대장) 건강검진이 도움 될 수 있으나 모든 검사가 다 그렇다는 건 아니다. 여전히 일부 의사들과 환자들은 비효율적인 검사법을 열심히 변호하고 있다. 대규모 연구를 통해서 갑상선, 전립선, 유방에 대한 조기검진은 의미 없다는 증거들이 속속 발표되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 환자들은 빠른 검사를 통해서 결과를 얻는 것을 "잘먹고 운동 잘하라" 고 듣는것 보다 선호하며 의사에게도 편암함을 제공한다. 암의 위험도는 전혀 변하지 않더라도. (이 아래는 생략합니다.) 미신 2: 산화방지제는 좋고 활성산소는 해롭다. 미신 3: 인간의 뇌는 예외적으로 크다. 미신 4: 사람들은 그들이 선호하는 교육방법으로 배울 때 가장 잘 배운다. 미신 5: 인구는 기하급수적으로 증가한다. (그리고 우리는 멸망한다.) 그 외 잡미신: 백신이 자폐를 초래한다. 타이레놀은 알려진 기전으로만 작용한다. 뇌는 면역체계에서 분리되어 있다. 동종요법은 효과적이다.. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 1 이 게시판에 등록된 Zel님의 최근 게시물
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Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 620
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
26551 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
26551 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
26551'> 레지엔
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
15/12/30 13:57
26551>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
갑상선암 문제는 참 골 때리는 부분인데... 이게 국가 의료 사업으로서 검진을 계속 지원해야 하는가는 부정적일 수 밖에 없습니다. 근데 지금 나도는 얘기는 \'봐도 냅둬라\'라는 이야기를 비전문가들이 아무렇지 않게 옮기고 있다는건데, 글쎄요... 현재의 진단기술에서 갑상선암 환자 중 누가 악성도가 높고 누가 낮을지를 정확히 예측할 방법이 없습니다. 반면에 갑상선이라는 장기는 떼도 삶에 큰 지장이 없고... 결국 Benefit-risk 밸런스의 문제인데, 현재의 치료방침의 기조 자체가 바뀔만큼의 근거가 있는가(특히 소위 갑상선암은 \'암이 아니다\'라고 주장하는 몇 몇 의사분들에게 묻고 싶은 부분인데)에 대해서는 회의적입니다.
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
26551>
26551>
