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홍차넷
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티타임
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- 다양한 주제에 대해 자유롭게 글을 작성하는 게시판입니다.
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전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌방송/연예도서/문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제생활체육과학/기술철학/종교정치요리/음식역사여행육아/가정IT/컴퓨터음악창작게임스포츠사회오프모임
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| Date |
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| Name | Neandertal |
| Subject | 런던에서 BBC 영어를 들을 수 있다는 꿈은 버려... |
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표준어: <언어> 한 나라에서 공용어로 쓰는 규범으로서의 언어. 의사소통의 불편을 덜기 위하여 전 국민이 공통적으로 쓸 공용어의 자격을 부여받은 말로, 우리나라에서는 교양 있는 사람들이 두루 쓰는 현대 서울말로 정함을 원칙으로 한다. [비슷한 말] 대중말ㆍ표준말. 우리나라의 표준말은 위에서 정의된 대로 "교양 있는 사람들이 두루 쓰는 현대 서울말"로 정해져 있습니다. 여기서 "교양 있는"이라고 하는 게 구체적으로 어떤 기준인 지는 잘 모르겠지만 서울에서 나고 자란 사람이 쓰는 말이라고 보면 크게 잘못되지는 않을 것 같습니다. 또한 우리가 방송에서 뉴스 진행이나 시사 대담 프로 등 드라마나 예능이 아닌 프로그램에서 주로 듣는 말도 바로 이 표준말입니다. 그런데 이런 기준을 영국에다 갖다 놓으면 이상한 현상이 벌어집니다. 우리가 BBC를 통해서 듣게 되는 영어는 흔히 BBC English라고도 불리는, 일반적으로 RP (Received Pronunciation)라고 하는 악센트입니다. 이 RP를 또 Oxbridge 악센트라고 칭하기도 하지요. 영국은 법적으로 표준말을 정의해 놓고 있지는 않습니다만 우리가 보통 영국 영어라고 부르는 영어는 바로 이 RP, 즉, 일반적으로 BBC 같은 방송에서 들을 수 있는 영어를 지칭합니다. 하지만 이 RP는 한국의 표준말인 서울말과는 상당히 다른 부분이 많습니다. 우선 이 RP는 영국 내에서도 아주 극소수의 사람들만 쓰는 악센트입니다. 전체 영국섬의 인구 가운데 대략 2내지 3퍼센트 정도만이 일상에서 저 PR를 구사한다고 합니다. 우리나라의 경우 표준말을 대충 서울말이라고 본다면 적어도 전체 인구의 약 4분의 1 정도는 표준말을 쓴다고 볼 수 있을 텐데 이에 비한다면 RP를 사용하는 영국 사람들의 수는 아주 작은 비중을 차지한다고 봐야 할 것 같습니다. 그리고 RP는 지역을 기반으로 한 악센트가 아닙니다. 런던이 영국의 수도이니까 런던에 가면 길거리에서 RP 악센트를 자주 들을 수 있을까요? 제 fire egg 두 쪽을 걸고 장담하건데 결코 그렇지 않습니다. 이 RP은 구사하는 사람의 지위나 사회적 계층을 나타내 주는 지표이지 어떤 특정 지역을 가리켜주는 지표는 아니라는 것입니다. 즉, 런던에서 RP를 구사하는 사람이나 리버풀이나 맨체스터에 또는 버밍엄이나 뉴캐슬에서 RP를 구사하는 사람들 사이에는 지역적인 공통분모는 없지만 신분이나 사회 계층적 유사성이 있을 수 있다는 것이지요. 원래 이 RP는 탄생부터가 지역을 기반으로 하고 있는 다른 악센트들과는 다릅니다. 이 악센트는 19세기 주로 이튼이나 해로우같은 공립학교 (이름은 공립학교이지만 명칭과는 달리 상류층과 엘리트 출신의 자녀들만 입학했던)에서 학생들을 가르치기 위한 악센트로 등장하기 시작했습니다. 그리고 옥스퍼드나 케임브리지같은 명문 대학에서 학생들을 가르칠 때 사용하는 악센트로 자리를 잡게 되면서 자연적으로 그 사람이 어디 출신인가에 상관없이 영국 내 상류층(왕실 포함)에서 사용하는 악센트로 굳어지게 된 것이 바로 이 RP 악센트가 되겠습니다. 그리고 이런 RP의 위상을 공고하게 만드는 데 큰 기여를 한 것이 바로 방송의 힘이었습니다. 1920년대 BBC가 처음 라디오 방송을 시작하면서 방송을 위해 채택한 악센트가 바로 RP였습니다. 아마도 RP가 어떤 특정 지역을 기반으로 한 악센트들보다 더 많은 대중들이 이해하기가 쉽고 지역에 기반을 둔 악센트가 아니므로 지역 중립적인 입장을 띨 수 있는 악센트라고 판단했던 것 같습니다. 이렇게 됨으로써 RP는 영어를 모국어로 하지 않는 외국인들이 가장 배우고 싶어 하는 악센트가 되었고 실제로 영국에서는 겨우 2~3%의 사람들만 쓰고 있음에도 불구하고 오늘날 영국 영어를 대표하는 악센트로서 자리매김하게 된 것이지요. 실제 영국 런던의 길거리에서 가장 흔하게 들을 수 있는 악센트는 코크니(Cockney)라고 하는 런던 지역에 기반을 둔 지역 악센트입니다. 좀 더 정확하게 보자면 코크니는 런던에서도 동쪽에 위치한 이스트앤드 지역의 노동자 계층이 주로 쓰는 악센트라고 하는데 제 경험으로는 지역에 상관없이 런던 중심부에서도 많이 들을 수 있었던 악센트였습니다. 이 코크니는 RP하고는 많이 다른데 여러 가지 차이점들이 있지만 가장 대표적인 것 하나를 들자면 /h/발음이 생략된다는 것입니다. 예를 들어 망치라는 뜻을 가진 hammer는 실제 코크니 발음으로는 /æmə/ (“애~머”)처럼 들립니다. 그리고 다른 모음 발음들도 RP와 다른 것들이 많은데 이렇게 말로 설명하는 것 보다는 아래의 두 동영상을 보신다면 좀 더 이해하기가 쉬울 것 같습니다. BBC 월드뉴스입니다. 앞부분만 잠깐 들어보십시오. 전형적인 RP 악센트입니다. 제이슨 스타뎀 닯은 아저씨가 코크니 악센트로 코크니와 일반적인 영어 악센트와의 차이를 설명해 주고 있습니다. 실제 코크니 악센트는 대략 이 아저씨가 말하는 것 같은 느낌입니다. (보다 보면 아저씨 하는 게 재미있어서 끝까지 보게 된다는...--;;;) 제가 런던에 약 1년 정도 있으면서도 저 코크니는 정말 알아듣기가 어려웠습니다. 처음 런던에 갔을 때는 "아이 C8, 왜 BBC에서 듣던 거랑 달라?"라고 불평도 많이 했는데 알고 봤더니 결국 위에서 말씀드린 것과 같은 상황이 있었던 것이었습니다. 그래도 코크니는 왠지 모르게 들어보면 "상남자"스러운 느낌이 있어서 꼭 배워보고 싶었는데 결론은 결국 "RP도 잘 안 되는 주제에 무슨 코크니 운운..."으로 귀결되더군요...--;;; Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 3 이 게시판에 등록된 Neandertal님의 최근 게시물
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Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 600
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 600
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 605
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 605
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 609
Warning: Use of undefined constant is_admin - assumed 'is_admin' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 609
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 614
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 616
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 620
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
19844 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
19844 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
19844'> 곧내려갈게요
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
15/10/28 09:33
19844>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
와.. 아래 영상 리스닝 난이도 헬이네요.. 덜덜...
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
19844>
19844>
