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홍차넷
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티타임
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- 다양한 주제에 대해 자유롭게 글을 작성하는 게시판입니다.
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전체기타일상/생각꿀팁/강좌방송/연예도서/문학영화의료/건강문화/예술경제생활체육과학/기술철학/종교정치요리/음식역사여행육아/가정IT/컴퓨터음악창작게임스포츠사회오프모임
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| Date |
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| Name | 마르코폴로 |
| Subject | 보드카 이야기 |
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러시아는 겨울이 긴 혹한의 나라입니다. 이렇게 길고 추운 겨울 때문인지 러시아에서는 알코올 도수 40~50% 사이인 증류주 '보드카'가 많이 생산됩니다. 보드카는 러시아어로 '물(voda)'에서 생겨난 애칭으로 '물, 액체'를 의미합니다. 보드카는 아주 독한 술이지만, 불곰국의 아재들에게는 '물'처럼 느껴지나 봅니다. 불곰국 아재들의 나라답게 보드카는 보드카를 만들기 위한 원료에 대한 번거로운 규제가 없습니다. 프랑스나 독일, 이탈리아 같은 나라라면 상상하기 힘든 일입니다. 그래서 러시아에선 밀, 보리, 감자 등 여러 가지 재료들을 사용하여 보드카를 만듭니다. 어차피 철저하게 증류시키기 때문에 그런 것인지 녹말이기만 하면 원료는 뭘 써도 괜찮습니다. 서유럽의 쩨쩨한 남자들과는 비교할 수 없는 불곰국 아재들의 패기가 느껴집니다. 보드카는 정밀한 증류기로 증류한 후, 자작나무의 활성탄으로 꽉 채운 여과통을 몇 번이고 천천히 통과시켜서 불순물을 제거하여 끝없이 '물'에 가깝게 만드는 술입니다. 불순물을 제거하고, 마지막에는 불순물을 0.2% 이하로까지 만들어야지만 제대로 된 보드카라고 할 수 있습니다. 술에서 불순물을 제거하면 술 냄새와 풍미도 제거되기 때문에 여타의 다른 국가에서는 잘 쓰이지 않는 방식이지만 어차피 죽도록 마시고 취할 불곰국 아재들은 이런 방식을 더 선호합니다. 1610년 상트페테르부르크의 약제사 스미노프가 활성탄을 사용한 여과법을 고안한 후, 보드카는 부드럽고 냄새가 없는 술이 됩니다. 무색무취와 투명함이 보드카의 특색이 된 것이지요. 저장할 때도 냄새가 나는 나무통은 사용하지 않고, 스테인리스 탱크를 사용할 정도로 다른 맛이 들지 않도록 주의를 기울입니다. 19세기 보드카는 귀족들이 즐겨 마시는 알코올음료의 자리를 차지하게 됩니다. 초기 보드카는 지금의 것보다 도수가 높았으나 사람들이 독한 술을 마시는 것을 맘에 들어 하지 않던 러시아 최후의 황제 니콜라이 2세가 건강을 해친다는 이유로 보드카의 도수를 40%로 제한합니다. 마지막 황제가 아니었다면 유투브로 더 다이나믹한 불곰국 아재들의 일상을 감상할 수도 있었을 것 같습니다. 보드카가 위스키와 브랜디와 다른 점은 숙성 과정에서 새로운 향기를 첨가해서 맛을 내고, 풍미 있는 알코올음료를 만들어 내려는 발상이 전혀 없다는 것입니다. 다른 것을 철저히 제거하여 순화해 가는 방식을 택한 것이지요. 이런 보드카는 일반적으로 광천수나 토마토 주스로 희석해서 마십니다. 보드카 제조의 역사에 대해 살펴보면 13세기 모스크바 공국 시대 기록에서 농민이 마시던 토속주로서 보드카가 등장합니다. 11세기에 폴란드에서 이미 보드카를 마시고 있었다는 설도 있지만 어쨌든 러시아에서는 몽골인들에 의해 지배를 받기 시작한 13세기에 보드카를 마셨던 것으로 보입니다. 증류주로서 보드카는 상당한 역사를 자랑합니다. 러시아는 13세기에서 15세기에 걸쳐 '타타르의 멍에'라 불리는 몽골 지배의 시대에 접어들고, 러시아 중심부를 흐르는 볼가 강 하류의 도시 '사라이'에 수도를 둔 킵차크한국의 지배를 받게 됩니다. 이때 몽골인과 함께 많은 수의 이슬람 상인이 러시아에 진출했습니다. 이 과정에서 이슬람 상인에 의해 '아람빅'이라는 이슬람 세계의 증류기가 러시아에 퍼진 것으로 추측됩니다. 현대 러시아 여성들의 원수는 과거의 이슬람 상인들이었던 것이지요. 증류주가 유럽에 퍼지기 시작할 때 이것을 '생명수'라 불렀는데. 러시아에서도 처음에는 증류주를 '지제니아 보다(생명수)'라고 불렀습니다. 그것이 '물'을 나타내는 평범한 러시아어 '보다(voda)'로 변했고 16세기에는 '보다(voda)'의 애칭인 '보드카(vodka)'라는 통칭이 보편화 되게 됩니다. 아마도 증류주가 일상화 되었기에 이름도 변한 것이라 추측됩니다. 어쨌든 한랭한 러시아에서 불과 같은 술인 보드카는 생활에 없어서는 안 될 품목이 됩니다. 19세기 제정 러시아 재원의 30%가 보드카 주세라고 할 정도로 엄청난 양의 보드카를 소비하게 된 것입니다. 이미 불곰국 아재들은 19세기에 이르면 손쓰기 힘든 상태였던 것이지요. 이런 보드카가 세계적인 술인 된 계기는 1917년 발생한 러시아혁명 때문입니다. 혁명을 싫어해서 파리로 망명한 러시아인 블라드미르 스미노프가 프랑스에서 보드카의 제조를 시작하였고, 보드카는 그것을 계기로 유럽으로 퍼져나가게 됩니다. 대공황 후에 미국에서 금주법이 폐지되자, 망명 러시아인 쿠네트는 미국의 술 시장의 잠재력에 주목하였습니다. 1933년 쿠네트는 미국과 캐나다에서의 스미노프 보드카 제조권과 독점적 판매권을 매입하여, 대량생산을 시작합니다. 보드카는 칵테일의 기본주로서 미국 내에서 대단한 인기를 끌게 되고, 유럽에 이어 미국 역시 세계 굴지의 보드카 소비국이 됩니다. Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 133 Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 146 Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view.php on line 161 4 이 게시판에 등록된 마르코폴로님의 최근 게시물
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Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 614
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 616
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/lib.php on line 618
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 612
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 620
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 628
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 640
Warning: Use of undefined constant name - assumed 'name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 644
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/view.php on line 646
Warning: Use of undefined constant HTTP_HOST - assumed 'HTTP_HOST' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/pb/cmt_replace.php on line 3
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 6
Warning: Use of undefined constant file_name - assumed 'file_name' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 28
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 65
16009 class="iamcmt" style="display:none;"> Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 66
16009 class='vcm '>
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 70
Warning: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 71
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 76
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 117
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 118
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 119
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 120
Warning: Use of undefined constant ismember - assumed 'ismember' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 121
16009'> Beer Inside
Warning: Use of undefined constant mod_date - assumed 'mod_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 133
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 140
Warning: Use of undefined constant reg_date - assumed 'reg_date' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 142
15/09/24 07:37
16009>삭제 주소복사
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 150
보드카나 소주나 기원은 동일하지요.
몽골의 영향...
그래서 외국에서 소주가 먹고 싶을 때 보드카에 물을 타 마시는 경우도 꽤 있었습니다.
소주보다 싸거든요.
고급 보드카 일 수록 순수한 알콜의 느낌이 나고 숙취도 덜하더군요.
중앙아시아 유목민의 텐트에서 사먹은 보드카는 한 잔만 마셨는데도 유해하다는 것을 느낄 수 있더군요.
아무리 보드카라고 해도 저렴한 녀석은 소주보다 못하니.... 드실 때 조심해서 드세요.
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
몽골의 영향...
그래서 외국에서 소주가 먹고 싶을 때 보드카에 물을 타 마시는 경우도 꽤 있었습니다.
소주보다 싸거든요.
고급 보드카 일 수록 순수한 알콜의 느낌이 나고 숙취도 덜하더군요.
중앙아시아 유목민의 텐트에서 사먹은 보드카는 한 잔만 마셨는데도 유해하다는 것을 느낄 수 있더군요.
아무리 보드카라고 해도 저렴한 녀석은 소주보다 못하니.... 드실 때 조심해서 드세요.
Warning: Use of undefined constant level - assumed 'level' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant password - assumed 'password' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 166
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 171
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 172
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant no - assumed 'no' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
Warning: Use of undefined constant vote - assumed 'vote' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/redtea/html/a_skin/bbsd/view_comment.php on line 173
16009>
16009>
